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Cutting the Upper and Lower Girdle Facets
The girdle facets are dug out of the girdle when brillianteering the stone.
In the second illustration, you can see the obvious inconsistency in the final shape of the girdle due to over- digging of the halves. In the lower illustration, the halves were pasted on which shows very little digging from the girdle. This will have a very negative affect on the brilliance of the diamond.
Scalloped (and wavy) girdle.
The upper and lower girdle facets are dug out of the girdle of the diamond in the cutting process. Before the cutter starts the "brillianteering" (upper/lower girdle facets and stars), the girdle of the diamond will have been left thick enough, to allow room to form the upper/lower girdle facets. Each of these facets should be dug out enough to create an obvious angle difference between it and the main facet (kite shape) right next to it. The further a girdle facet is dug, the greater is the angle it creates. There are extremes to this too. A "pasted" facet has very little angle differentiation; sometimes this can be so slight that you have to look twice to recognize its presence. This causes a large reduction in brilliance depending on the degree of severity. At the other extreme, a cutter will often over-dig the girdle facets to thin down a girdle that is "Extremely Thick". This is easily spotted by the large difference in girdle thickness between the upper and lower girdle facets and between the crown and pavilion mains. This may also be referred to as a "scalloped girdle".
